Selenium übernimmt die Browserautomatisierung; CaptchaAI übernimmt die CAPTCHA-Lösung. Gemeinsam lösen sie die häufigste Automatisierungsherausforderung – Seiten, die sowohl die Ausführung von JavaScript als auch die Vervollständigung von CAPTCHAs erfordern. Dieser Leitfaden behandelt das vollständige Integrationsmuster für reCAPTCHA v2/v3, Cloudflare Turnstile und Bild-CAPTCHAs.
Voraussetzungen
pip install selenium requests webdriver-manager
Setup: Selenium konfigurieren
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
def create_driver():
"""Create a Selenium driver for CAPTCHA automation."""
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled")
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(
service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()),
options=options,
)
return driver
CaptchaAI Solver-Helfer
import time
import requests
API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY"
def solve_captcha(method, **params):
"""Generic CaptchaAI solver — works for all CAPTCHA types."""
submit_data = {
"key": API_KEY,
"method": method,
"json": 1,
**params,
}
submit = requests.post("https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php", data=submit_data, timeout=30)
data = submit.json()
if data.get("status") != 1:
raise Exception(f"Submit error: {data.get('request')}")
task_id = data["request"]
for _ in range(30):
time.sleep(5)
result = requests.get("https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php", params={
"key": API_KEY,
"action": "get",
"id": task_id,
"json": 1,
}, timeout=30).json()
if result.get("status") == 1:
return result["request"]
if result.get("request") == "ERROR_CAPTCHA_UNSOLVABLE":
raise Exception("CAPTCHA unsolvable")
raise TimeoutError("Solve timed out")
reCAPTCHA v2 mit Selen
Vollständiger Ablauf: Erkennen, Lösen, Token einfügen, Senden
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
import re
def solve_recaptcha_v2_selenium(driver, url):
"""Complete reCAPTCHA v2 solve in Selenium."""
driver.get(url)
# Wait for page to load
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, "body"))
)
# Extract sitekey
page_source = driver.page_source
match = re.search(r'data-sitekey=["\']([A-Za-z0-9_-]{40})["\']', page_source)
if not match:
raise ValueError("reCAPTCHA sitekey not found")
sitekey = match.group(1)
print(f"Sitekey: {sitekey}")
# Solve via CaptchaAI
token = solve_captcha(
"userrecaptcha",
googlekey=sitekey,
pageurl=url,
)
print(f"Token received: {token[:50]}...")
# Inject token into the page
driver.execute_script(f"""
document.getElementById('g-recaptcha-response').value = '{token}';
document.getElementById('g-recaptcha-response').style.display = 'block';
""")
# If there's a callback function, call it
driver.execute_script(f"""
if (typeof ___grecaptcha_cfg !== 'undefined') {{
var clients = ___grecaptcha_cfg.clients;
for (var key in clients) {{
var client = clients[key];
if (client.rr && client.rr.l) {{
client.rr.l.callback('{token}');
}}
}}
}}
""")
# Submit the form
submit_button = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit'], input[type='submit']")
submit_button.click()
return token
# Usage
driver = create_driver()
try:
solve_recaptcha_v2_selenium(driver, "https://example.com/login")
print(f"Current URL: {driver.current_url}")
finally:
driver.quit()
Cloudflare Turnstile mit Selen
def solve_turnstile_selenium(driver, url):
"""Complete Turnstile solve in Selenium."""
driver.get(url)
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, "body"))
)
# Extract sitekey
page_source = driver.page_source
match = re.search(r'data-sitekey=["\']([0-9x][A-Za-z0-9_-]+)["\']', page_source)
if not match:
# Try JavaScript API pattern
match = re.search(r"sitekey\s*:\s*['\"]([0-9x][A-Za-z0-9_-]+)['\"]", page_source)
if not match:
raise ValueError("Turnstile sitekey not found")
sitekey = match.group(1)
print(f"Turnstile sitekey: {sitekey}")
# Solve via CaptchaAI
token = solve_captcha(
"turnstile",
sitekey=sitekey,
pageurl=url,
)
print(f"Turnstile token: {token[:50]}...")
# Inject token
driver.execute_script(f"""
// Set the hidden input value
var inputs = document.querySelectorAll('[name="cf-turnstile-response"]');
inputs.forEach(function(input) {{ input.value = '{token}'; }});
// Also try the callback approach
if (typeof turnstile !== 'undefined' && turnstile.getResponse) {{
// Widget already rendered
}}
""")
# Submit form
submit_button = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit'], input[type='submit']")
submit_button.click()
return token
Bild CAPTCHA mit Selen
Für herkömmliche image/text CAPTCHAs (geben Sie die angezeigten Buchstaben ein):
import base64
def solve_image_captcha_selenium(driver, captcha_selector):
"""Solve image CAPTCHA visible in the browser."""
# Find the CAPTCHA image element
captcha_img = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, captcha_selector)
# Get image as base64
img_base64 = captcha_img.screenshot_as_base64
# Solve via CaptchaAI
answer = solve_captcha("base64", body=img_base64)
print(f"CAPTCHA answer: {answer}")
# Type the answer into the input field
captcha_input = driver.find_element(
By.CSS_SELECTOR, "input[name='captcha'], input[name='code'], input.captcha-input"
)
captcha_input.clear()
captcha_input.send_keys(answer)
return answer
reCAPTCHA v3 mit Selen
def solve_recaptcha_v3_selenium(driver, url, sitekey, action="verify"):
"""Solve reCAPTCHA v3 in Selenium."""
driver.get(url)
# Solve via CaptchaAI
token = solve_captcha(
"userrecaptcha",
googlekey=sitekey,
pageurl=url,
version="v3",
action=action,
)
# Inject token
driver.execute_script(f"""
// Set reCAPTCHA response
var textarea = document.getElementById('g-recaptcha-response');
if (textarea) {{
textarea.value = '{token}';
textarea.style.display = 'block';
}}
// Set any hidden input fields
var inputs = document.querySelectorAll('input[name="g-recaptcha-response"]');
inputs.forEach(function(input) {{ input.value = '{token}'; }});
""")
return token
Vollständiges Automatisierungsbeispiel
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
import re
import time
import requests
API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY"
class SeleniumCaptchaSolver:
"""Complete Selenium + CaptchaAI automation class."""
def __init__(self, api_key):
self.api_key = api_key
self.driver = None
def start(self):
"""Initialize the browser."""
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled")
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
self.driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument", {
"source": "Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'webdriver', {get: () => undefined})"
})
def stop(self):
"""Close the browser."""
if self.driver:
self.driver.quit()
def navigate(self, url):
"""Navigate to URL and wait for load."""
self.driver.get(url)
WebDriverWait(self.driver, 15).until(
lambda d: d.execute_script("return document.readyState") == "complete"
)
def detect_captcha(self):
"""Detect which CAPTCHA type is on the page."""
source = self.driver.page_source
if re.search(r'data-sitekey=["\'][A-Za-z0-9_-]{40}["\']', source):
if "recaptcha/api.js" in source or "grecaptcha" in source:
return "recaptcha_v2"
if "cf-turnstile" in source or "challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile" in source:
return "turnstile"
if re.search(r'recaptcha.*v3|render=[A-Za-z0-9_-]{40}', source):
return "recaptcha_v3"
captcha_imgs = self.driver.find_elements(
By.CSS_SELECTOR, "img.captcha, img[alt*='captcha'], img[src*='captcha']"
)
if captcha_imgs:
return "image"
return None
def solve_and_submit(self, url, form_data=None):
"""Navigate, solve CAPTCHA, fill form, and submit."""
self.navigate(url)
captcha_type = self.detect_captcha()
if not captcha_type:
print("No CAPTCHA detected")
return self._fill_and_submit(form_data)
print(f"Detected: {captcha_type}")
if captcha_type == "recaptcha_v2":
self._solve_recaptcha_v2()
elif captcha_type == "turnstile":
self._solve_turnstile()
elif captcha_type == "image":
self._solve_image()
return self._fill_and_submit(form_data)
def _solve_recaptcha_v2(self):
source = self.driver.page_source
match = re.search(r'data-sitekey=["\']([A-Za-z0-9_-]{40})["\']', source)
sitekey = match.group(1)
token = self._api_solve("userrecaptcha", googlekey=sitekey, pageurl=self.driver.current_url)
self.driver.execute_script(f"""
document.getElementById('g-recaptcha-response').value = '{token}';
""")
def _solve_turnstile(self):
source = self.driver.page_source
match = re.search(r'data-sitekey=["\']([0-9x][A-Za-z0-9_-]+)["\']', source)
sitekey = match.group(1)
token = self._api_solve("turnstile", sitekey=sitekey, pageurl=self.driver.current_url)
self.driver.execute_script(f"""
document.querySelectorAll('[name="cf-turnstile-response"]')
.forEach(function(el) {{ el.value = '{token}'; }});
""")
def _solve_image(self):
img = self.driver.find_element(
By.CSS_SELECTOR, "img.captcha, img[alt*='captcha'], img[src*='captcha']"
)
answer = self._api_solve("base64", body=img.screenshot_as_base64)
captcha_input = self.driver.find_element(
By.CSS_SELECTOR, "input[name='captcha'], input[name='code']"
)
captcha_input.clear()
captcha_input.send_keys(answer)
def _fill_and_submit(self, form_data):
if form_data:
for name, value in form_data.items():
try:
field = self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, name)
field.clear()
field.send_keys(value)
except Exception:
pass
submit = self.driver.find_element(
By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit'], input[type='submit']"
)
submit.click()
time.sleep(3)
return self.driver.current_url
def _api_solve(self, method, **params):
submit = requests.post("https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php", data={
"key": self.api_key, "method": method, "json": 1, **params,
}, timeout=30)
data = submit.json()
if data.get("status") != 1:
raise Exception(f"Submit error: {data.get('request')}")
task_id = data["request"]
for _ in range(30):
time.sleep(5)
result = requests.get("https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php", params={
"key": self.api_key, "action": "get", "id": task_id, "json": 1,
}, timeout=30).json()
if result.get("status") == 1:
return result["request"]
raise TimeoutError("Solve timed out")
# Usage
solver = SeleniumCaptchaSolver(API_KEY)
solver.start()
try:
result_url = solver.solve_and_submit(
"https://example.com/login",
form_data={"username": "user@example.com", "password": "pass123"},
)
print(f"Result: {result_url}")
finally:
solver.stop()
Fehlerbehebung
| Symptom | Ursache | Beheben |
|---|---|---|
| CAPTCHA erkannt, aber die Token-Injektion schlägt fehl | g-recaptcha-response nicht gefunden |
Suchen Sie nach Iframes – reCAPTCHA befindet sich möglicherweise in einem Iframe |
| Token eingefügt, aber Formular wird nicht gesendet | Rückruf nicht ausgelöst | Rufen Sie die reCAPTCHA-Rückruffunktion explizit auf |
| „Webdriver erkannt“ nach Website | Browser-Flags nicht gesetzt | --disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled hinzufügen |
| Bild-CAPTCHA-Screenshot leer | Element nicht sichtbar | Scrollen Sie zuerst durch das Element, um es anzuzeigen |
| Drehkreuz-Token abgelehnt | Falscher Sitekey | Aus Live-Seitenquelle erneut extrahieren |
Häufig gestellte Fragen
Sollte ich Selen oder reine Anfragen verwenden?
Verwenden Sie Selenium, wenn die Website die Ausführung von JavaScript, dynamisches Laden von Inhalten oder komplexe mehrseitige Abläufe erfordert. Verwenden Sie requests für einfache API-basierte Formularübermittlungen, bei denen Sie nur das Token benötigen.
Wie gehe ich mit reCAPTCHA in Iframes um?
Wechseln Sie zuerst zum reCAPTCHA-Iframe: driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "iframe[src*='recaptcha']")). Extrahieren Sie den Sitekey und wechseln Sie dann zurück: driver.switch_to.default_content().
Kann ich Selenium kopflos betreiben?
Ja, aber einige CAPTCHAs erkennen den Headless-Modus. Verwenden Sie --headless=new und stellen Sie sicher, dass die Browser-Signalprofile von WebGL/Canvas gültig sind. CaptchaAI löst die Lösung selbst, sodass die Headless-Erkennung keinen Einfluss auf die Lösung hat.
Wie viel langsamer ist Selenium im Vergleich zu Anfragen?
Selenium erhöht den Overhead für den Browserstart und das Seitenrendering um 3–5 Sekunden. Die Lösungszeit für CAPTCHAs ist gleich. Verwenden Sie nach Möglichkeit requests und bei Bedarf Selenium.
Zusammenfassung
Python Selenium + CaptchaAI löst alle CAPTCHAs in der Browser-Automatisierung: CAPTCHA-Typ aus der Seitenquelle erkennen, über die CaptchaAI-API lösen, Token per JavaScript einfügen und Formular absenden. SeleniumCaptchaSolver automatisiert den vollständigen Workflow.
Verwandte Leitfäden
- Python Playwright + CaptchaAI
- Selenium CAPTCHA-Verwaltung mit Python
- Python Selenium + CaptchaAI Vollständiger Leitfaden
